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<?php namespace Safe; use Safe\Exceptions\Oci8Exception; /** * Binds the PHP array var to the Oracle * placeholder param, which points to an Oracle PL/SQL * array. Whether it will be used for input or output will be determined at * run-time. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param string $param The Oracle placeholder. * @param array $var An array. * @param int $max_array_length Sets the maximum length both for incoming and result arrays. * @param int $max_item_length Sets maximum length for array items. If not specified or equals to -1, * oci_bind_array_by_name will find the longest * element in the incoming array and will use it as the maximum length. * @param int $type Should be used to set the type of PL/SQL array items. See list of * available types below: * * * * * SQLT_NUM - for arrays of NUMBER. * * * * * SQLT_INT - for arrays of INTEGER (Note: INTEGER * it is actually a synonym for NUMBER(38), but * SQLT_NUM type won't work in this case even * though they are synonyms). * * * * * SQLT_FLT - for arrays of FLOAT. * * * * * SQLT_AFC - for arrays of CHAR. * * * * * SQLT_CHR - for arrays of VARCHAR2. * * * * * SQLT_VCS - for arrays of VARCHAR. * * * * * SQLT_AVC - for arrays of CHARZ. * * * * * SQLT_STR - for arrays of STRING. * * * * * SQLT_LVC - for arrays of LONG VARCHAR. * * * * * SQLT_ODT - for arrays of DATE. * * * * * SQLT_NUM - for arrays of NUMBER. * * SQLT_INT - for arrays of INTEGER (Note: INTEGER * it is actually a synonym for NUMBER(38), but * SQLT_NUM type won't work in this case even * though they are synonyms). * * SQLT_FLT - for arrays of FLOAT. * * SQLT_AFC - for arrays of CHAR. * * SQLT_CHR - for arrays of VARCHAR2. * * SQLT_VCS - for arrays of VARCHAR. * * SQLT_AVC - for arrays of CHARZ. * * SQLT_STR - for arrays of STRING. * * SQLT_LVC - for arrays of LONG VARCHAR. * * SQLT_ODT - for arrays of DATE. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_bind_array_by_name($statement, string $param, array &$var, int $max_array_length, int $max_item_length = -1, int $type = SQLT_AFC): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_bind_array_by_name($statement, $param, $var, $max_array_length, $max_item_length, $type); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Binds a PHP variable var to the Oracle * bind variable placeholder param. Binding * is important for Oracle database performance and also as a way to * avoid SQL Injection security issues. * * Binding allows the database to reuse the statement context and * caches from previous executions of the statement, even if another * user or process originally executed it. Binding reduces SQL * Injection concerns because the data associated with a bind * variable is never treated as part of the SQL statement. It does * not need quoting or escaping. * * PHP variables that have been bound can be changed and the * statement re-executed without needing to re-parse the statement or * re-bind. * * In Oracle, bind variables are commonly divided * into IN binds for values that are passed into * the database, and OUT binds for values that are * returned to PHP. A bind variable may be * both IN and OUT. Whether a * bind variable will be used for input or output is determined at * run-time. * * You must specify max_length when using * an OUT bind so that PHP allocates enough memory * to hold the returned value. * * For IN binds it is recommended to set * the max_length length if the statement is * re-executed multiple times with different values for the PHP * variable. Otherwise Oracle may truncate data to the length of the * initial PHP variable value. If you don't know what the maximum * length will be, then re-call oci_bind_by_name * with the current data size prior to * each oci_execute call. Binding an * unnecessarily large length will have an impact on process memory * in the database. * * A bind call tells Oracle which memory address to read data from. * For IN binds that address needs to contain * valid data when oci_execute is called. This * means that the variable bound must remain in scope until * execution. If it doesn't, unexpected results or errors such as * "ORA-01460: unimplemented or unreasonable conversion requested" * may occur. For OUT binds one symptom is no * value being set in the PHP variable. * * For a statement that is repeatedly executed, binding values that * never change may reduce the ability of the Oracle optimizer to * choose the best statement execution plan. Long running statements * that are rarely re-executed may not benefit from binding. However * in both cases, binding might be safer than joining strings into a * SQL statement, as this can be a security risk if unfiltered user * text is concatenated. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI8 statement identifier. * @param string $param The colon-prefixed bind variable placeholder used in the * statement. The colon is optional * in param. Oracle does not use question * marks for placeholders. * @param mixed $var The PHP variable to be associated with param * @param int $max_length Sets the maximum length for the data. If you set it to -1, this * function will use the current length * of var to set the maximum * length. In this case the var must * exist and contain data * when oci_bind_by_name is called. * @param int $type The datatype that Oracle will treat the data as. The * default type used * is SQLT_CHR. Oracle will convert the data * between this type and the database column (or PL/SQL variable * type), when possible. * * If you need to bind an abstract datatype (LOB/ROWID/BFILE) you * need to allocate it first using the * oci_new_descriptor function. The * length is not used for abstract datatypes * and should be set to -1. * * Possible values for type are: * * * * SQLT_BFILEE or OCI_B_BFILE * - for BFILEs; * * * * * SQLT_CFILEE or OCI_B_CFILEE * - for CFILEs; * * * * * SQLT_CLOB or OCI_B_CLOB * - for CLOBs; * * * * * SQLT_BLOB or OCI_B_BLOB * - for BLOBs; * * * * * SQLT_RDD or OCI_B_ROWID * - for ROWIDs; * * * * * SQLT_NTY or OCI_B_NTY * - for named datatypes; * * * * * SQLT_INT or OCI_B_INT - for integers; * * * * * SQLT_CHR - for VARCHARs; * * * * * SQLT_BIN or OCI_B_BIN * - for RAW columns; * * * * * SQLT_LNG - for LONG columns; * * * * * SQLT_LBI - for LONG RAW columns; * * * * * SQLT_RSET - for cursors created * with oci_new_cursor; * * * * * SQLT_BOL or OCI_B_BOL * - for PL/SQL BOOLEANs (Requires OCI8 2.0.7 and Oracle Database 12c) * * * * * SQLT_BFILEE or OCI_B_BFILE * - for BFILEs; * * SQLT_CFILEE or OCI_B_CFILEE * - for CFILEs; * * SQLT_CLOB or OCI_B_CLOB * - for CLOBs; * * SQLT_BLOB or OCI_B_BLOB * - for BLOBs; * * SQLT_RDD or OCI_B_ROWID * - for ROWIDs; * * SQLT_NTY or OCI_B_NTY * - for named datatypes; * * SQLT_INT or OCI_B_INT - for integers; * * SQLT_CHR - for VARCHARs; * * SQLT_BIN or OCI_B_BIN * - for RAW columns; * * SQLT_LNG - for LONG columns; * * SQLT_LBI - for LONG RAW columns; * * SQLT_RSET - for cursors created * with oci_new_cursor; * * SQLT_BOL or OCI_B_BOL * - for PL/SQL BOOLEANs (Requires OCI8 2.0.7 and Oracle Database 12c) * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_bind_by_name($statement, string $param, &$var, int $max_length = -1, int $type = 0): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_bind_by_name($statement, $param, $var, $max_length, $type); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Invalidates a cursor, freeing all associated resources and cancels the * ability to read from it. * * @param resource $statement An OCI statement. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_cancel($statement): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_cancel($statement); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Commits the outstanding transaction for the * Oracle connection. A commit ends the * current transaction and makes permanent all changes. It releases * all locks held. * * A transaction begins when the first SQL statement that changes data * is executed with oci_execute using * the OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT flag. Further data * changes made by other statements become part of the same * transaction. Data changes made in a transaction are temporary * until the transaction is committed or rolled back. Other users of * the database will not see the changes until they are committed. * * When inserting or updating data, using transactions is recommended * for relational data consistency and for performance reasons. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, returned by * oci_connect, oci_pconnect, or oci_new_connect. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_commit($connection): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_commit($connection); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Returns a connection identifier needed for most other OCI8 operations. * * For performance, most applications should use persistent connections * with oci_pconnect instead * of oci_connect. * See Connection Handling for general * information on connection management and connection pooling. * * From PHP 5.1.2 (PECL OCI8 1.1) oci_close can * be used to close the connection. * * The second and subsequent calls to oci_connect * with the same parameters will return the connection handle returned * from the first call. This means that transactions in one handle are * also in the other handles, because they use the * same underlying database connection. If two * handles need to be transactionally isolated from each other, use * oci_new_connect instead. * * @param string $username The Oracle user name. * @param string $password The password for username. * @param string $connection_string Contains * the Oracle instance to connect to. It can be * an Easy Connect * string, or a Connect Name from * the tnsnames.ora file, or the name of a local * Oracle instance. * * If not specified or NULL, PHP uses * environment variables such as TWO_TASK (on Linux) * or LOCAL (on Windows) * and ORACLE_SID to determine the * Oracle instance to connect to. * * * To use the Easy Connect naming method, PHP must be linked with Oracle * 10g or greater Client libraries. The Easy Connect string for Oracle * 10g is of the form: * [//]host_name[:port][/service_name]. From Oracle * 11g, the syntax is: * [//]host_name[:port][/service_name][:server_type][/instance_name]. * Further options were introduced with Oracle 19c, including timeout and keep-alive * settings. Refer to Oracle documentation. Service names can be found by running * the Oracle utility lsnrctl status on the database server * machine. * * * The tnsnames.ora file can be in the Oracle Net search path, * which * includes /your/path/to/instantclient/network/admin, $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin * and /etc. Alternatively set TNS_ADMIN * so that $TNS_ADMIN/tnsnames.ora is read. Make sure the web * daemon has read access to the file. * @param string $encoding Determines * the character set used by the Oracle Client libraries. The character * set does not need to match the character set used by the database. If * it doesn't match, Oracle will do its best to convert data to and from * the database character set. Depending on the character sets this may * not give usable results. Conversion also adds some time overhead. * * If not specified, the * Oracle Client libraries determine a character set from * the NLS_LANG environment variable. * * Passing this parameter can * reduce the time taken to connect. * @param int $session_mode This * parameter is available since version PHP 5 (PECL OCI8 1.1) and accepts the * following values: OCI_DEFAULT, * OCI_SYSOPER and OCI_SYSDBA. * If either OCI_SYSOPER or * OCI_SYSDBA were specified, this function will try * to establish privileged connection using external credentials. * Privileged connections are disabled by default. To enable them you * need to set oci8.privileged_connect * to On. * * * PHP 5.3 (PECL OCI8 1.3.4) introduced the * OCI_CRED_EXT mode value. This tells Oracle to use * External or OS authentication, which must be configured in the * database. The OCI_CRED_EXT flag can only be used * with username of "/" and a empty password. * oci8.privileged_connect * may be On or Off. * * * OCI_CRED_EXT may be combined with the * OCI_SYSOPER or * OCI_SYSDBA modes. * * * OCI_CRED_EXT is not supported on Windows for * security reasons. * @return resource Returns a connection identifier. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_connect(string $username, string $password, string $connection_string = null, string $encoding = "", int $session_mode = OCI_DEFAULT) { error_clear_last(); if ($session_mode !== OCI_DEFAULT) { $safeResult = \oci_connect($username, $password, $connection_string, $encoding, $session_mode); } elseif ($encoding !== "") { $safeResult = \oci_connect($username, $password, $connection_string, $encoding); } elseif ($connection_string !== null) { $safeResult = \oci_connect($username, $password, $connection_string); } else { $safeResult = \oci_connect($username, $password); } if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Associates a PHP variable with a column for query fetches using oci_fetch. * * The oci_define_by_name call must occur before * executing oci_execute. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI8 statement * identifier created by oci_parse and executed * by oci_execute, or a REF * CURSOR statement identifier. * @param string $column The column name used in the query. * * Use uppercase for Oracle's default, non-case sensitive column * names. Use the exact column name case for case-sensitive * column names. * @param mixed $var The PHP variable that will contain the returned column value. * @param int $type The data type to be returned. Generally not needed. Note that * Oracle-style data conversions are not performed. For example, * SQLT_INT will be ignored and the returned * data type will still be SQLT_CHR. * * You can optionally use oci_new_descriptor * to allocate LOB/ROWID/BFILE descriptors. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_define_by_name($statement, string $column, &$var, int $type = 0): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_define_by_name($statement, $column, $var, $type); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Executes a statement previously returned * from oci_parse. * * After execution, statements like INSERT will * have data committed to the database by default. For statements * like SELECT, execution performs the logic of the * query. Query results can subsequently be fetched in PHP with * functions like oci_fetch_array. * * Each parsed statement may be executed multiple times, saving the * cost of re-parsing. This is commonly used * for INSERT statements when data is bound * with oci_bind_by_name. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param int $mode An optional second parameter can be one of the following constants: * * Execution Modes * * * * Constant * Description * * * * * OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS * Automatically commit all outstanding changes for * this connection when the statement has succeeded. This * is the default. * * * OCI_DESCRIBE_ONLY * Make query meta data available to functions * like oci_field_name but do not * create a result set. Any subsequent fetch call such * as oci_fetch_array will * fail. * * * OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT * Do not automatically commit changes. Prior to PHP * 5.3.2 (PECL OCI8 1.4) * use OCI_DEFAULT which is equivalent * to OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT. * * * * * * Using OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT mode starts or continues a * transaction. Transactions are automatically rolled back when * the connection is closed, or when the script ends. Explicitly * call oci_commit to commit a transaction, * or oci_rollback to abort it. * * When inserting or updating data, using transactions is * recommended for relational data consistency and for performance * reasons. * * If OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT mode is used for any * statement including queries, and * oci_commit * or oci_rollback is not subsequently * called, then OCI8 will perform a rollback at the end of the * script even if no data was changed. To avoid an unnecessary * rollback, many scripts do not * use OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT mode for queries or * PL/SQL. Be careful to ensure the appropriate transactional * consistency for the application when * using oci_execute with different modes in * the same script. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_execute($statement, int $mode = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_execute($statement, $mode); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Returns the name of the column. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param mixed $column Can be the field's index (1-based) or name. * @return string Returns the name as a string * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_field_name($statement, $column): string { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_field_name($statement, $column); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Returns precision of the column. * * For FLOAT columns, precision is nonzero and scale is -127. * If precision is 0, then column is NUMBER. Else it's * NUMBER(precision, scale). * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param mixed $column Can be the field's index (1-based) or name. * @return int Returns the precision as an integer * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_field_precision($statement, $column): int { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_field_precision($statement, $column); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Returns the scale of the column with column index. * * For FLOAT columns, precision is nonzero and scale is -127. * If precision is 0, then column is NUMBER. Else it's * NUMBER(precision, scale). * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param mixed $column Can be the field's index (1-based) or name. * @return int Returns the scale as an integer * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_field_scale($statement, $column): int { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_field_scale($statement, $column); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Returns the size of a column. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param mixed $column Can be the field's index (1-based) or name. * @return int Returns the size of a column in bytes * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_field_size($statement, $column): int { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_field_size($statement, $column); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Returns Oracle's raw "SQLT" data type of the column. * * If you want a field's type name, then use oci_field_type instead. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param mixed $column Can be the field's index (1-based) or name. * @return int Returns Oracle's raw data type as a number * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_field_type_raw($statement, $column): int { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_field_type_raw($statement, $column); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Returns a field's data type name. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @param mixed $column Can be the field's index (1-based) or name. * @return mixed Returns the field data type as a string or an integer * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_field_type($statement, $column) { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_field_type($statement, $column); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Frees a descriptor allocated by oci_new_descriptor. * * @param \OCILob $lob Descriptor allocated by oci_new_descriptor. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_free_descriptor(\OCILob $lob): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_free_descriptor($lob); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Frees resources associated with Oracle's cursor or statement, which was * received from as a result of oci_parse or obtained * from Oracle. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_free_statement($statement): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_free_statement($statement); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Allocates a new collection object. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, returned by * oci_connect or oci_pconnect. * @param string $type_name Should be a valid named type (uppercase). * @param string $schema Should point to the scheme, where the named type was created. The name * of the current user is used when NULL is passed. * @return \OCI-Collection Returns a new OCICollection object. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_new_collection($connection, string $type_name, string $schema = null) { error_clear_last(); if ($schema !== null) { $safeResult = \oci_new_collection($connection, $type_name, $schema); } else { $safeResult = \oci_new_collection($connection, $type_name); } if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Establishes a new connection to an Oracle server and logs on. * * Unlike oci_connect and * oci_pconnect, oci_new_connect * does not cache connections and will always return a brand-new freshly * opened connection handle. This is useful if your application needs * transactional isolation between two sets of queries. * * @param string $username The Oracle user name. * @param string $password The password for username. * @param string $connection_string Contains * the Oracle instance to connect to. It can be * an Easy Connect * string, or a Connect Name from * the tnsnames.ora file, or the name of a local * Oracle instance. * * If not specified or NULL, PHP uses * environment variables such as TWO_TASK (on Linux) * or LOCAL (on Windows) * and ORACLE_SID to determine the * Oracle instance to connect to. * * * To use the Easy Connect naming method, PHP must be linked with Oracle * 10g or greater Client libraries. The Easy Connect string for Oracle * 10g is of the form: * [//]host_name[:port][/service_name]. From Oracle * 11g, the syntax is: * [//]host_name[:port][/service_name][:server_type][/instance_name]. * Further options were introduced with Oracle 19c, including timeout and keep-alive * settings. Refer to Oracle documentation. Service names can be found by running * the Oracle utility lsnrctl status on the database server * machine. * * * The tnsnames.ora file can be in the Oracle Net search path, * which * includes /your/path/to/instantclient/network/admin, $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin * and /etc. Alternatively set TNS_ADMIN * so that $TNS_ADMIN/tnsnames.ora is read. Make sure the web * daemon has read access to the file. * @param string $encoding Determines * the character set used by the Oracle Client libraries. The character * set does not need to match the character set used by the database. If * it doesn't match, Oracle will do its best to convert data to and from * the database character set. Depending on the character sets this may * not give usable results. Conversion also adds some time overhead. * * If not specified, the * Oracle Client libraries determine a character set from * the NLS_LANG environment variable. * * Passing this parameter can * reduce the time taken to connect. * @param int $session_mode This * parameter is available since version PHP 5 (PECL OCI8 1.1) and accepts the * following values: OCI_DEFAULT, * OCI_SYSOPER and OCI_SYSDBA. * If either OCI_SYSOPER or * OCI_SYSDBA were specified, this function will try * to establish privileged connection using external credentials. * Privileged connections are disabled by default. To enable them you * need to set oci8.privileged_connect * to On. * * * PHP 5.3 (PECL OCI8 1.3.4) introduced the * OCI_CRED_EXT mode value. This tells Oracle to use * External or OS authentication, which must be configured in the * database. The OCI_CRED_EXT flag can only be used * with username of "/" and a empty password. * oci8.privileged_connect * may be On or Off. * * * OCI_CRED_EXT may be combined with the * OCI_SYSOPER or * OCI_SYSDBA modes. * * * OCI_CRED_EXT is not supported on Windows for * security reasons. * @return resource Returns a connection identifier. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_new_connect(string $username, string $password, string $connection_string = null, string $encoding = "", int $session_mode = OCI_DEFAULT) { error_clear_last(); if ($session_mode !== OCI_DEFAULT) { $safeResult = \oci_new_connect($username, $password, $connection_string, $encoding, $session_mode); } elseif ($encoding !== "") { $safeResult = \oci_new_connect($username, $password, $connection_string, $encoding); } elseif ($connection_string !== null) { $safeResult = \oci_new_connect($username, $password, $connection_string); } else { $safeResult = \oci_new_connect($username, $password); } if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Allocates a new statement handle on the specified connection. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, returned by * oci_connect or oci_pconnect. * @return resource Returns a new statement handle. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_new_cursor($connection) { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_new_cursor($connection); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Allocates resources to hold descriptor or LOB locator. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, returned by * oci_connect or oci_pconnect. * @param int $type Valid values for type are: * OCI_DTYPE_FILE, OCI_DTYPE_LOB and * OCI_DTYPE_ROWID. * @return \OCI-Lob|false Returns a new LOB or FILE descriptor on success. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_new_descriptor($connection, int $type = OCI_DTYPE_LOB) { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_new_descriptor($connection, $type); if ($safeResult === null) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Gets the number of rows affected during statement execution. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI statement identifier. * @return int Returns the number of rows affected as an integer * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_num_rows($statement): int { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_num_rows($statement); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Prepares sql using * connection and returns the statement identifier, * which can be used with oci_bind_by_name, * oci_execute and other functions. * * Statement identifiers can be freed * with oci_free_statement or by setting the * variable to NULL. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, returned by * oci_connect, oci_pconnect, or oci_new_connect. * @param string $sql The SQL or PL/SQL statement. * * SQL statements should not end with a * semi-colon (";"). PL/SQL * statements should end with a semi-colon * (";"). * @return resource Returns a statement handle on success. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_parse($connection, string $sql) { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_parse($connection, $sql); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Creates a persistent connection to an Oracle server and logs on. * * Persistent connections are cached and re-used between requests, resulting in * reduced overhead on each page load; a typical PHP application will have a * single persistent connection open against an Oracle server per Apache child * process (or PHP FPM process). See the OCI8 * Connection Handling and Connection Pooling section for more * information. * * @param string $username The Oracle user name. * @param string $password The password for username. * @param string $connection_string Contains * the Oracle instance to connect to. It can be * an Easy Connect * string, or a Connect Name from * the tnsnames.ora file, or the name of a local * Oracle instance. * * If not specified or NULL, PHP uses * environment variables such as TWO_TASK (on Linux) * or LOCAL (on Windows) * and ORACLE_SID to determine the * Oracle instance to connect to. * * * To use the Easy Connect naming method, PHP must be linked with Oracle * 10g or greater Client libraries. The Easy Connect string for Oracle * 10g is of the form: * [//]host_name[:port][/service_name]. From Oracle * 11g, the syntax is: * [//]host_name[:port][/service_name][:server_type][/instance_name]. * Further options were introduced with Oracle 19c, including timeout and keep-alive * settings. Refer to Oracle documentation. Service names can be found by running * the Oracle utility lsnrctl status on the database server * machine. * * * The tnsnames.ora file can be in the Oracle Net search path, * which * includes /your/path/to/instantclient/network/admin, $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin * and /etc. Alternatively set TNS_ADMIN * so that $TNS_ADMIN/tnsnames.ora is read. Make sure the web * daemon has read access to the file. * @param string $encoding Determines * the character set used by the Oracle Client libraries. The character * set does not need to match the character set used by the database. If * it doesn't match, Oracle will do its best to convert data to and from * the database character set. Depending on the character sets this may * not give usable results. Conversion also adds some time overhead. * * If not specified, the * Oracle Client libraries determine a character set from * the NLS_LANG environment variable. * * Passing this parameter can * reduce the time taken to connect. * @param int $session_mode This * parameter is available since version PHP 5 (PECL OCI8 1.1) and accepts the * following values: OCI_DEFAULT, * OCI_SYSOPER and OCI_SYSDBA. * If either OCI_SYSOPER or * OCI_SYSDBA were specified, this function will try * to establish privileged connection using external credentials. * Privileged connections are disabled by default. To enable them you * need to set oci8.privileged_connect * to On. * * * PHP 5.3 (PECL OCI8 1.3.4) introduced the * OCI_CRED_EXT mode value. This tells Oracle to use * External or OS authentication, which must be configured in the * database. The OCI_CRED_EXT flag can only be used * with username of "/" and a empty password. * oci8.privileged_connect * may be On or Off. * * * OCI_CRED_EXT may be combined with the * OCI_SYSOPER or * OCI_SYSDBA modes. * * * OCI_CRED_EXT is not supported on Windows for * security reasons. * @return resource Returns a connection identifier. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_pconnect(string $username, string $password, string $connection_string = null, string $encoding = "", int $session_mode = OCI_DEFAULT) { error_clear_last(); if ($session_mode !== OCI_DEFAULT) { $safeResult = \oci_pconnect($username, $password, $connection_string, $encoding, $session_mode); } elseif ($encoding !== "") { $safeResult = \oci_pconnect($username, $password, $connection_string, $encoding); } elseif ($connection_string !== null) { $safeResult = \oci_pconnect($username, $password, $connection_string); } else { $safeResult = \oci_pconnect($username, $password); } if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Registers a user-defined callback function to connection. * If connection fails due to instance or network failure, * the registered callback function will be invoked for several times during * failover. See OCI8 Transparent Application Failover * (TAF) Support for information. * * When oci_register_taf_callback is called multiple times, * each registration overwrites the previous one. * * Use oci_unregister_taf_callback to explicitly unregister a * user-defined callback. * * TAF callback registration will NOT be saved across * persistent connections, therefore the callback needs to be re-registered for * a new persistent connection. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier. * @param callable $callback A user-defined callback to register for Oracle TAF. It can be a * string of the function name or a Closure (anonymous function). * * The interface of a TAF user-defined callback function is as follows: * * See the parameter description and an example on * OCI8 Transparent Application Failover (TAF) Support page. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_register_taf_callback($connection, callable $callback): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_register_taf_callback($connection, $callback); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Returns the data from column in the current row, * fetched by oci_fetch. * * For details on the data type mapping performed by * the OCI8 extension, see the datatypes * supported by the driver * * @param resource $statement * @param mixed $column Can be either use the column number (1-based) or the column name. * The case of the column name must be the case that Oracle meta data * describes the column as, which is uppercase for columns created * case insensitively. * @return string Returns everything as strings except for abstract types (ROWIDs, LOBs and * FILEs). * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_result($statement, $column): string { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_result($statement, $column); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Reverts all uncommitted changes for the Oracle * connection and ends the transaction. It * releases all locks held. All Oracle SAVEPOINTS * are erased. * * A transaction begins when the first SQL statement that changes data * is executed with oci_execute using * the OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT flag. Further data * changes made by other statements become part of the same * transaction. Data changes made in a transaction are temporary * until the transaction is committed or rolled back. Other users of * the database will not see the changes until they are committed. * * When inserting or updating data, using transactions is recommended * for relational data consistency and for performance reasons. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, returned by * oci_connect, oci_pconnect * or oci_new_connect. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_rollback($connection): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_rollback($connection); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Returns a string with the Oracle Database version and available options * * @param resource $connection * @return string Returns the version information as a string. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_server_version($connection): string { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_server_version($connection); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Sets the action name for Oracle tracing. * * The action name is registered with the database when the next * 'round-trip' from PHP to the database occurs, typically when an SQL * statement is executed. * * The action name can subsequently be queried from database administration * views such as V$SESSION. It can be used for * tracing and monitoring such as with V$SQLAREA * and DBMS_MONITOR.SERV_MOD_ACT_STAT_ENABLE. * * The value may be retained across persistent connections. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, * returned by oci_connect, oci_pconnect, * or oci_new_connect. * @param string $action User chosen string up to 32 bytes long. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_action($connection, string $action): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_action($connection, $action); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets a timeout limiting the maxium time a database round-trip using this connection may take. * * Each OCI8 operation may make zero or more calls to Oracle's client * library. These internal calls may then may make zero or more * round-trips to Oracle Database. If any one of those round-trips * takes more than time_out milliseconds, then the * operation is cancelled and an error is returned to the application. * * The time_out value applies to each round-trip * individually, not to the sum of all round-trips. Time spent * processing in PHP OCI8 before or after the completion of each * round-trip is not counted. * * When a call is interrupted, Oracle will attempt to clean up the * connection for reuse. This operation is allowed to run for * another time_out period. Depending on the * outcome of the cleanup, the connection may or may not be reusable. * * When persistent connections are used, the timeout value will be * retained across PHP requests. * * The oci_set_call_timeout function is available * when OCI8 uses Oracle 18 (or later) Client libraries. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, * returned by oci_connect, oci_pconnect, * or oci_new_connect. * @param int $timeout The maximum time in milliseconds that any single round-trip between PHP and Oracle Database may take. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_call_timeout($connection, int $timeout): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_call_timeout($connection, $timeout); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets the client identifier used by various database components to * identify lightweight application users who authenticate as the same * database user. * * The client identifier is registered with the database when the next * 'round-trip' from PHP to the database occurs, typically when an SQL * statement is executed. * * The identifier can subsequently be queried, for example * with SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CLIENT_IDENTIFIER') * FROM DUAL. Database administration views such * as V$SESSION will also contain the value. It * can be used with DBMS_MONITOR.CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE * for tracing and can also be used for auditing. * * The value may be retained across page requests that use the same persistent connection. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, * returned by oci_connect, oci_pconnect, * or oci_new_connect. * @param string $client_id User chosen string up to 64 bytes long. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_client_identifier($connection, string $client_id): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_client_identifier($connection, $client_id); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets the client information for Oracle tracing. * * The client information is registered with the database when the next * 'round-trip' from PHP to the database occurs, typically when an SQL * statement is executed. * * The client information can subsequently be queried from database * administration views such as V$SESSION. * * The value may be retained across persistent connections. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, * returned by oci_connect, oci_pconnect, * or oci_new_connect. * @param string $client_info User chosen string up to 64 bytes long. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_client_info($connection, string $client_info): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_client_info($connection, $client_info); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets the DBOP for Oracle tracing. * * The database operation name is registered with the database when the next * 'round-trip' from PHP to the database occurs, typically when a SQL * statement is executed. * * The database operation can subsequently be queried from database administration * views such as V$SQL_MONITOR. * * The oci_set_db_operation function is available * when OCI8 uses Oracle 12 (or later) Client libraries and Oracle Database 12 (or later). * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, * returned by oci_connect, oci_pconnect, * or oci_new_connect. * @param string $action User chosen string. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_db_operation($connection, string $action): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_db_operation($connection, $action); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets the database "edition" of objects to be used by a subsequent * connections. * * Oracle Editions allow concurrent versions of applications to run * using the same schema and object names. This is useful for * upgrading live systems. * * Call oci_set_edition before calling * oci_connect, oci_pconnect * or oci_new_connect. * * If an edition is set that is not valid in the database, connection * will fail even if oci_set_edition returns success. * * When using persistent connections, if a connection with the * requested edition setting already exists, it is reused. Otherwise, * a different persistent connection is created * * @param string $edition Oracle Database edition name previously created with the SQL * "CREATE EDITION" command. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_edition(string $edition): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_edition($edition); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets the module name for Oracle tracing. * * The module name is registered with the database when the next * 'round-trip' from PHP to the database occurs, typically when an SQL * statement is executed. * * The name can subsequently be queried from database administration * views such as V$SESSION. It can be used for * tracing and monitoring such as with V$SQLAREA * and DBMS_MONITOR.SERV_MOD_ACT_STAT_ENABLE. * * The value may be retained across persistent connections. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier, * returned by oci_connect, oci_pconnect, * or oci_new_connect. * @param string $name User chosen string up to 48 bytes long. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_module_name($connection, string $name): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_module_name($connection, $name); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets the internal buffer size used to fetch each CLOB or BLOB value when the * implementation gets the internal Oracle LOB locator from the database after * a successful query call to oci_execute and for each * subsequent internal fetch request to the database. Increasing this value * can improve the performance of fetching smaller LOBs by reducing round-trips * between PHP and the database. Memory usage will change. * * The value affects LOBs returned as OCILob instances and also those returned * using OCI_RETURN_LOBS. * * Call oci_set_prefetch_lob before * calling oci_execute. If it is not called, the value * of oci8.prefetch_lob_size * is used. * * The LOB prefetch value should only be set with Oracle Database 12.2 or later. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI8 statement * identifier created by oci_parse and executed * by oci_execute, or a REF * CURSOR statement identifier. * @param int $prefetch_lob_size The number of bytes of each LOB to be prefetched, >= 0 * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_prefetch_lob($statement, int $prefetch_lob_size): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_prefetch_lob($statement, $prefetch_lob_size); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Sets the number of rows to be buffered by the Oracle Client * libraries after a successful query call * to oci_execute and for each subsequent * internal fetch request to the database. For queries returning a * large number of rows, performance can be significantly improved by * increasing the prefetch count above the * default oci8.default_prefetch * value. * * Prefetching is Oracle's efficient way of returning more than one * data row from the database in each network request. This can * result in better network and CPU utilization. The buffering of * rows is internal to OCI8 and the behavior of OCI8 fetching * functions is unchanged regardless of the prefetch count. For * example, oci_fetch_row will always return one * row. The prefetch buffer is per-statement and is not used by * re-executed statements or by other connections. * * Call oci_set_prefetch before * calling oci_execute. * * A tuning goal is to set the prefetch value to a reasonable size for * the network and database to handle. For queries returning a very * large number of rows, overall system efficiency might be better if * rows are retrieved from the database in several chunks (i.e set the * prefetch value smaller than the number of rows). This allows the * database to handle other users' statements while the PHP script is * processing the current set of rows. * * Query prefetching was introduced in Oracle 8i. REF CURSOR * prefetching was introduced in Oracle 11gR2 and occurs when PHP is * linked with Oracle 11gR2 (or later) Client libraries. * Nested cursor prefetching was * introduced in Oracle 11gR2 and requires both the Oracle Client * libraries and the database to be version 11gR2 or greater. * * Prefetching is not supported when queries contain LONG or LOB * columns. The prefetch value is ignored and single-row fetches will * be used in all the situations when prefetching is not supported. * * When using Oracle Database 12c, the prefetch * value set by PHP can be overridden by Oracle's * client oraaccess.xml configuration file. Refer * to Oracle documentation for more detail. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI8 statement * identifier created by oci_parse and executed * by oci_execute, or a REF * CURSOR statement identifier. * @param int $rows The number of rows to be prefetched, >= 0 * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_set_prefetch($statement, int $rows): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_set_prefetch($statement, $rows); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } } /** * Returns a keyword identifying the type of the * OCI8 statement. * * @param resource $statement A valid OCI8 statement identifier from oci_parse. * @return string Returns the type of statement as one of the * following strings. * * Statement type * * * * Return String * Notes * * * * * ALTER * * * * BEGIN * * * * CALL * Introduced in PHP 5.2.1 (PECL OCI8 1.2.3) * * * CREATE * * * * DECLARE * * * * DELETE * * * * DROP * * * * INSERT * * * * SELECT * * * * UPDATE * * * * UNKNOW. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_statement_type($statement): string { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_statement_type($statement); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } return $safeResult; } /** * Unregister the user-defined callback function registered to connection * by oci_register_taf_callback. See * OCI8 Transparent Application Failover (TAF) Support * for information. * * @param resource $connection An Oracle connection identifier. * @throws Oci8Exception * */ function oci_unregister_taf_callback($connection): void { error_clear_last(); $safeResult = \oci_unregister_taf_callback($connection); if ($safeResult === false) { throw Oci8Exception::createFromPhpError(); } }